Jhanj, also known as Jhanjhar or Ghungroo, is a percussive musical instrument that holds a significant place in various forms of traditional and folk music across South Asia, particularly in Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi cultures.

This instrument consists of small metallic bells, often arranged in a circular or semi-circular shape, connected by a string or attached to a pad. These bells are typically made of brass, copper, or a mix of metals, and their sizes can vary depending on the regional or musical context.

Jhanjhar's primary purpose is to produce rhythmic accompaniment and embellishments in music and dance performances. When worn around the ankles or wrists of dancers or musicians, the movement generates a distinctive jingling sound, enhancing the overall musical experience.

In Indian classical music, the Jhanjhar is commonly used as an accompaniment in various classical dance forms such as Kathak, Bharatanatyam, and Odissi, where its rhythmic patterns complement the footwork of the dancers, accentuating the beats and adding a colorful dimension to the performance.

Furthermore, in folk music traditions, especially in Punjabi and Rajasthani folk music, the Jhanjhar plays a crucial role as a percussion instrument. Its lively, metallic jingles contribute to the energetic and celebratory nature of folk songs and dances, adding a distinct auditory charm to the musical arrangements.

The Jhanjhar's rhythmic presence extends beyond performances; it often holds cultural significance in weddings, festivals, and religious ceremonies, where its sound is believed to bring joy, auspiciousness, and a sense of celebration.

The intricate craftsmanship and the melodic resonance produced by the Jhanjhar reflect not only its musical importance but also its cultural and traditional significance in South Asian music and dance forms, making it an essential element in the region's rich musical heritage.